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    9. Underwater (anti-washout) Concrete
    10. Admixtures
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Admixtures

Titan America offers a wide variety of liquid admixtures. These admixtures are additives, which used in the correct proportions, can tremendously enhance the performance of the concrete depending upon the desired result.

Retarding Admixtures - Retarding admixtures are highly recommended for use in all concrete where a delay rate of hardening is necessary. The use of retarding admixtures is important where thin concrete sections are present. The retarding admixtures provide for more uniform setting characteristics. Since concrete setting times are dramatically influenced by ambient temperature, the use of retarding admixtures is strongly recommended during hot weather. These admixtures allow for "normal" setting times under these conditions. Also, the use of retarding admixtures usually leads to higher ultimate strengths in concrete.

Accelerating Admixtures - Accelerating admixtures are recommended for use in concrete where high early strength gain is required. Use of these admixtures allows for quicker strength gain while still using comparable cement factors. Accelerating admixtures are highly recommended while placing concrete in cold weather. This allows for earlier finishing of the slab, reduced protection time, earlier stripping and reuse of forms, and earlier structural use of the concrete. Where specifications require, Titan America can also provide non-chloride accelerating admixtures.

Water Reducing Admixtures - The use of excessive water is perhaps the most common and most damaging practices during concrete placement. One of the key factors in determining concrete strength is water/cement ratio. Water reducing admixtures allow for the production of concrete of a given design strength at a higher slump without the addition of extra water. Water reducing admixtures generally fall in three broad categories: Normal, Mid Range, and High Range (superplasticizers}. Normal water reducing admixtures are generally used in concrete mixes designed for applications where no special slump requirements exist. Mid Range water reducing admixtures are used where a slightly higher than normal slump is desired, usually because of special placement requirements. High Range water reducing admixtures (superplasticizers) are used where high slump requirements exist because of placement problems. High Range water reducers are also very useful in concrete where workability (ease of placement) is necessary, but a low water/cement ratio is specified. Water reducing admixtures also eliminate segregation of the components of plastic concrete.

Corrosion Inhibiting Admixture - When steel reinforcement (steel rebar) is specified to be used in the concrete structure, corrosion of the steel becomes a factor. To overcome this problem, Tarmac offers corrosion inhibiting admixture. Corrosion inhibiting admixtures chemically restrict the corrosive action of chlorides on reinforcing steel and pre-stressed strands in concrete.

Anti-Washout Admixure - Anti-washout admixtures, developed for use in concrete placed under water, is available. Use of this admixture produces a concrete mixture that is highly resistant to washout of cement and fines. The anti-washout admixture virtually eliminates segregation of materials in the mix, while dramatically reducing the environmental impact of cement washout in the water.

Silica Fume Mineral Admixture - This material is a dry, compacted, very fine material that when added to concrete physically fills the voids between cement particles. Silica fume also reacts chemically within the concrete, reducing permeability of the concrete. An extremely strong and durable concrete is the result. Concrete produced using silica fume dramatically reduces the intrusion of water, chlorides, sulfates, and other aggressive chemicals that can have detrimental effects on concrete and reinforcing steel.